The Indian government is showing an increasing focus to create conditions for the launch of the hydrogen economy in India. In his recent Independence Day speech, Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced the setting up of the National Hydrogen Mission and said that India would be a global hub for hydrogen production and export. What are the critical elements of building a hydrogen economy in India? What will be the competitive landscape of the new hydrogen economy? What role will the current oil and gas companies play in scaling up and achieving economies of scale? What barriers need to be overcome to implement the Make in India approach to the idea of a hydrogen economy? How can the Indian hydrogen economy be designed competitively, to fulfil the vision of a Global Hub for hydrogen production and export?